[Git] Git Checkout & Restore & Reset & Revert

Git Checkout & Restore & Reset & Revert

• Git Checkout
• Git Restore
• Git Reset
• Git Revert

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Git Checkout

• 1) go back to a previous commit
  • you are in 'detached HEAD' state message is shown
• 2) discard changes made to the file

# git checkout {commit_hash}
# needs at least 7 digis of hash
git checkout 486f904

# git checkout HEAD~{number}
# move [number] of commits behind the current HEAD
git checkout HEAD~2

# cf. move to the previous branch
git switch -

# git checkout HEAD {filename}
# git checkout -- {filename}
git checkout HEAD dog.txt
git checkout -- dog.txt

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Git Restore

• helps with undoing operations
  • 1) unmodify file
  • 2) unstage file
• introduced alongside with git switch as alternatives to some of the uses for git checkout

# git restore {file_name}
# this command is not undoable(cmd + z)
# same as git checkout HEAD dog.txt or git checkout -- dog.txt
git restore dog.txt

# git restore --source HEAD~{number} | {commit_hash} {file_name}
# restore the contents of {file_name} to its state form the commit prior to HEAD~{number}
git restore --source HEAD~1 dog.txt

# git restore --staged {file_name}
# same am git rm --cached dog.txt
git restore --staged dog.txt

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Git Reset

• undo commits
• three options

	–soft	–mixed	–hard
HEAD	to the certain commit	to the certain commit	to the certain commit
Staging Area	Change X	to the certain commit	to the certain commit
Working Directory	Change X	Change X	to the certain commit
Usage	change to certain branch(commit on wrong branch)	undo commit but keep changes	undo all changes

# git reset {commit_hash}, default is --mixed
# same as git reset --mixed 4661ab9
git reset 4661ab9

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Git Revert

• undo commits
• unlike git reset which actually moves the branch pointer backwards(eliminates commits), git revert creates a new commit which reverses/undoes the change from a commit
• useful when other people already have the commits which should be undone

git revert

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